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Pagan Cult Sites in the Lands Between the Danube and the Balkan Mountains (early-1st – late-4th Century AD)
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Pagan Cult Sites in the Lands Between the Danube and the Balkan Mountains (early-1st — late-4th Century AD)
Езически култови обекти в земите между Дунава и Балкана (началото на I — края на IV в.)
Language: Bulgarian with English summary
Category: archaeology
The appearance of this work is due to the absence in the previous historiography of a generalized study on the pagan cult infrastructure from the period 1st – 4th century AD in the lands between the Danube and the Balkan Mountains, and is based on the availability of sufficient information in the scientific literature and museum funds, allowing identification according to established criteria of a very large number of temples, shrines and cult places. The available information includes data from archaeological excavations, finds of votive reliefs and other votive monuments, epigraphic evidence, numismatic data and a limited number of ancient written records.
In different periods of time, the lands covered in this study included parts of (or, less commonly, entirely) different Roman administrative units: in the first half of the 1st century AD – parts of the province of Moesia and the client kingdom of Thrace; from the end of the 1st century AD – part of the provinces of Upper Moesia and Thrace, as well as the entire province of Lower Moesia; from the second half of the 3rd century – part of Riparian Dacia province and the entire Lower Moesia; from the very end of the 3rd/beginning of the 4th century these lands were already divided between the provinces of Riparian Dacia, Second Moesia and Scythia. Several cases of changing the route of the borders between the different provinces were also documented, with a tendency in the 2nd century to expand Lower Moesia at the expense of Upper Moesia (to the west) and Thrace (to the south), and in the 3rd century – to reduce the territory of this administrative unit in order to create initially one, and subsequently two new provinces in its lands.
The purpose of this work is to present as complete a picture as possible of the pagan cult infrastructure in the lands between the Danube and the Balkan mountain range during the 1st – 4th century. The study covers sites of all types, located in cities, military camps, settlements of different ranks, villa mansions and individual rural households, as well as those with roadside character and isolated location in the then settlement system. The fulfilment of the set goal implies in the first place the identification of the sites of pagan cult ritual. The aim is to present as much information as possible about each of the recognized cult sites, and this also determines the direction of the specific research tasks:
۰ accurate location data, with particular attention to the topographic characteristics of the terrain;
۰ clarification of the location in the settlement system, with a brief overview of the main points in the development of the settlement unit to which some of the sites are related;
۰ data on the organization of the cult space;
۰ typological definition;
۰ history of use;
۰ analysis of the votive material in order to establish the revered cults and attempt to determine the leading one among them, as well as the ethnic and social composition of the users of each particular cult site.
Table of contents
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION
1. Historiographical overview
2. Sources
2.1. Written sources
2.2. Epigraphic evidence
2.3. Iconographic sources
2.3.1. Votive statuary
2.3.2. Numismatic monuments
2.4. Archaeological data
3. Ancient and modern terminology
CHAPTER I. IDENTIFICATION OF CULT SITES
CHAPTER II. OBSERVATIONS ON THE TOPOGRAPHY OF CULT SITES
ІІ.1. The cult sites in the physical environment
II.2. Cult sites in the settlement system
ІІ.3. Religious topography
CHAPTER III. MAIN STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF CULT SITES
ІІІ.1. Temenos
ІІІ.2. Central cult building
ІІІ.3. Stationary altar
CHAPTER IV. CHRONOLOGY OF THE PAGAN CULT INFRASTRUCTURE
ІV.1. Sites with continuity or succession from previous historical periods
ІV.2. Sites that arose during the Roman period and functioned in the 1st - 4th century
ІV.3. Sites that emerged and functioned in the 4th century
ІV.4. Sites that emerged during the Roman period, in place of which Christian churches were later built
ІV.5. Sites with succession from previous historical periods, where Christian churches were later built
CONCLUSION
Biblipgraphy
| Details | |
| Publisher | Ivrai |
| Language | Bulgarian with a summary in English |
| Pages | 836 |
| Illustrations | b/w and color figures, maps |
| Binding | paperback |
| ISBN | 978-619-7712-19-3 |
| Creation date | 2024 |
| Size | 20 х 28a cm |
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